# 观前提醒

项目会在 GitHub 中开源，链接：https://github.com/Maikire/Unity/tree/main/UnityFramework/FSM

# 有限状态机（Finite State Machine）

有限状态机是一种用来模拟系统行为的数学模型，通常被用于处理离散事件的控制问题。它由一组有限状态、转移函数和输入输出等组件构成，一个有限状态机在任一时刻只能处于一种状态。有限状态机能够对角色的行为进行抽象和编排，使得游戏角色能够根据当前状态自动切换到相应的行为，并且可以通过规定的条件进行状态的转换。这样一来，角色在游戏中的表现更加智能、灵活，同时也增强了游戏的可玩性。
可以将它理解为一个流程控制系统。

# 状态机设计

有限状态机的实现方式有很多种，这主要取决于具体的需求是什么，本文给出一个例子作为参考。

# 需求分析

需求：实现游戏中敌人（NPC）的基本功能，具体功能请看下面的配置表

# 设计

根据配置表可以得到三个主要的类
- 条件类（抽象类）：逻辑的处理，判断条件是否达成，比如：生命值是否为 0、是否发现目标......
- 状态类（抽象类）：储存条件到状态的映射，处理进入状态、在状态中、退出状态的情况
- 状态机（脚本）：储存所有的状态，切换状态
为了方便储存映射，条件类和状态类需要有 ID 做标识
状态机有很多数据，可以将一部分数据封装起来
根据配置表配置状态机

# 代码

# 数据类

条件的 ID

FSMTriggerID

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// TriggerID
	/// </summary>
	public enum FSMTriggerID
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 没有生命
	/// </summary>
	NoHealth,

	/// <summary>
	/// 发现目标
	/// </summary>
	FoundTarget,

	/// <summary>
	/// 到达目标
	/// </summary>
	ReachTarget,

	/// <summary>
	/// 击杀目标
	/// </summary>
	KilledTarget,

	/// <summary>
	/// 超出攻击范围
	/// </summary>
	OutOfAttackRange,

	/// <summary>
	/// 丢失目标
	/// </summary>
	LostTarget,

	/// <summary>
	/// 触发巡逻状态
	/// </summary>
	Patrol,

	/// <summary>
	/// 完成巡逻
	/// </summary>
	CompletePatrol,

	/// <summary>
	/// 复活
	/// </summary>
	Revive,
	}
	}

状态的 ID

FSMStateID

	using UnityEngine;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// StateID
	/// </summary>
	public enum FSMStateID
	{
	[Tooltip("默认")]
	Default,

	[Tooltip("死亡")]
	Dead,

	[Tooltip("闲置")]
	Idle,

	[Tooltip("追逐")]
	Pursuit,

	[Tooltip("攻击")]
	Attack,

	[Tooltip("巡逻")]
	Patrol,
	}
	}

状态机脚本的数据类

FSMData

	using System;
	using UnityEngine;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	[Serializable]
	/// <summary>
	/// 有限状态机数据类
	/// </summary>
	public class FSMData
	{
	[Tooltip("状态配置表（在StreamingAssets中的路径）")]
	public string FSMConfigPath;

	[Tooltip("移动速度")]
	public float MoveSpeed;

	[Tooltip("视野距离")]
	public float ViewDistance;

	[Tooltip("视野角度")]
	public float ViewAngle;

	[Tooltip("可以被发现的目标的标签")]
	public string[] TargetTags = { "Player" };

	[Tooltip("进入攻击状态的距离")]
	public float AttackStateDistance;

	[Tooltip("攻击时间间隔")]
	public float AttackTimeInterval;

	[Tooltip("攻击状态下释放技能的距离的偏移量")]
	public float SkillDistanceEffect;

	[Tooltip("触发巡逻的概率，每秒判定一次，取值范围：0-1")]
	public float PatrolProbability;

	[Tooltip("判断是否到达路点的偏移量")]
	public float PatrolEffect;

	[Tooltip("寻路模式")]
	public FSMPatrolModes PatrolMode;

	[Tooltip("巡逻的路点")]
	public Transform[] WayPoints;

	[HideInInspector]
	[Tooltip("完成巡逻")]
	public bool CompletePatrol;
	}
	}

自动寻路的模式

FSMPatrolModes

	using System;
	using UnityEngine;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	[Serializable]
	/// <summary>
	/// 寻路模式
	/// </summary>
	public enum FSMPatrolModes
	{
	[Tooltip("无（在巡逻状态下，触发完成巡逻）")]
	None,

	[Tooltip("单次")]
	Once,

	[Tooltip("循环")]
	Loop,

	[Tooltip("往返")]
	RoundTrip,
	}
	}

# 条件类

ID
提供用于判断是否满足条件的方法

实现类必须给 ID 赋值

FSMTrigger

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// FSM 条件类
	/// </summary>
	public abstract class FSMTrigger
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// TriggerID
	/// 子类必须给 TriggerID 赋值
	/// </summary>
	public abstract FSMTriggerID TriggerID { get; }

	public FSMTrigger()
	{
	Init();
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 初始化
	/// </summary>
	public virtual void Init() { }

	/// <summary>
	/// 是否满足条件
	/// </summary>
	/// <returns></returns>
	public abstract bool HandleTrigger(FSMBase fsm);
	}
	}

# 状态类

ID
储存某状态拥有的所有的条件
储存条件到状态的映射表
提供切换状态的方法
提供进入状态、在状态中、退出状态的方法
添加条件对象的时候会用到创建工厂（FSMCreateFactory），这个会在后面讲到

代码如下

FSMState

	using System.Collections.Generic;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// FSM 状态类
	/// </summary>
	public abstract class FSMState
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// StateID
	/// 子类必须给 StateID 赋值
	/// </summary>
	public abstract FSMStateID StateID { get; }
	/// <summary>
	///true: 搜索目标的时候忽略墙体
	/// </summary>
	public virtual bool IgnoreWalls { get => false; }

	/// <summary>
	/// 条件列表
	/// </summary>
	private List<FSMTrigger> Triggers;
	/// <summary>
	/// 映射表：条件 —— 目标状态
	/// </summary>
	private Dictionary<FSMTriggerID, FSMStateID> Map;

	public FSMState()
	{
	Map = new Dictionary<FSMTriggerID, FSMStateID>();
	Triggers = new List<FSMTrigger>();
	Init();
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 初始化
	/// </summary>
	public virtual void Init() { }

	/// <summary>
	/// 添加映射、添加 FSMTrigger 对象
	/// 由状态机调用
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="triggerID"></param>
	/// <param name="stateID"></param>
	public void Add(FSMTriggerID triggerID, FSMStateID stateID)
	{
	Map.Add(triggerID, stateID);
	Triggers.Add(FSMCreateFactory.CreateTrigger(triggerID));
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 判断当前状态的条件是否满足
	/// 如果条件满足，则切换状态
	/// </summary>
	public void JudgeState(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	foreach (FSMTrigger trigger in Triggers)
	{
	if (trigger.HandleTrigger(fsm))
	{
	fsm.ChangeActiveState(Map[trigger.TriggerID]);
	return;
	}
	}
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 进入状态
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="fsm"> 状态机 & lt;/param>
	public virtual void EnterState(FSMBase fsm) { }

	/// <summary>
	/// 在状态中
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="fsm"> 状态机 & lt;/param>
	public virtual void ActionState(FSMBase fsm) { }

	/// <summary>
	/// 退出状态
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="fsm"> 状态机 & lt;/param>
	public virtual void ExitState(FSMBase fsm) { }
	}
	}

# 状态机脚本

状态机会用到角色系统、技能系统、动画系统，本文借用这个角色框架和这个技能框架为例
储存所有的状态
切换状态
为状态和条件提供成员
利用变换组件助手类持续搜索目标
为状态提供基础的方法，例如：自动寻路
利用创建工厂（FSMCreateFactory）和配置文件读取工厂（FSMConfigReaderFactory）处理配置表，这两个会在后面讲到

代码如下

FSMBase

	using Character;
	using SkillSystem;
	using Common;
	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;
	using UnityEngine;
	using UnityEngine.AI;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	[RequireComponent(typeof(NavMeshAgent), typeof(CharacterStatus), typeof(CharacterSkillSystemNPC))]
	/// <summary>
	/// 状态机
	/// </summary>
	public class FSMBase : MonoBehaviour
	{
	// 本文使用的是手动填写状态机数据配置
	// 想要通过配置表自动填写数据，只需要额外写一个类实现读取和配置数据，然后在 ConfigFSM () 中调用即可
	[Tooltip("默认状态")]
	public FSMStateID DefaultStateID = FSMStateID.Idle;
	[Tooltip("有限状态机数据")]
	public FSMData Data;
	/// <summary>
	/// 状态表
	/// </summary>
	private List<FSMState> States;
	/// <summary>
	/// 当前状态
	/// </summary>
	private FSMState CurrentState;
	/// <summary>
	/// 导航
	/// </summary>
	private NavMeshAgent Navigation;

	#region 为状态和条件提供的成员
	[HideInInspector]
	[Tooltip("角色的信息")]
	public CharacterStatus Character;

	[HideInInspector]
	[Tooltip("角色的动画")]
	public Animator Anim;

	[HideInInspector]
	[Tooltip("发现的目标")]
	public Transform FoundTarget;

	[HideInInspector]
	[Tooltip("技能系统")]
	public CharacterSkillSystemNPC NPCSkillSystem;

	[HideInInspector]
	[Tooltip("当前的技能")]
	public SkillData CurrentSkill;
	#endregion

	private void Awake()
	{
	Character = this.GetComponent<CharacterStatus>();
	Anim = this.GetComponentInChildren<Animator>();
	Navigation = GetComponent<NavMeshAgent>();
	NPCSkillSystem = this.GetComponent<CharacterSkillSystemNPC>();
	}

	private void Start()
	{
	SetParameters();
	ConfigFSM();
	InitDefaultState();
	}

	private void Update()
	{
	SearchTarget(); // 搜索目标
	CurrentState.JudgeState(this); // 判断当前状态的条件
	CurrentState.ActionState(this); // 执行当前状态的逻辑
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 设置参数
	/// </summary>
	private void SetParameters()
	{
	FoundTarget = null;
	CurrentSkill = null;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 配置状态机
	/// </summary>
	private void ConfigFSM()
	{
	States = new List<FSMState>();

	var map = FSMConfigReaderFactory.GetConfig(Data.FSMConfigPath);
	foreach (var state in map)
	{
	FSMState tempState = FSMCreateFactory.CreateState((FSMStateID)Enum.Parse(typeof(FSMStateID), state.Key));
	States.Add(tempState);
	foreach (var item in state.Value)
	{
	FSMTriggerID tempTriggerID = (FSMTriggerID)Enum.Parse(typeof(FSMTriggerID), item.Key);
	FSMStateID tempStateID = (FSMStateID)Enum.Parse(typeof(FSMStateID), item.Value);
	tempState.Add(tempTriggerID, tempStateID);
	}
	}
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 初始化默认状态
	/// </summary>
	private void InitDefaultState()
	{
	CurrentState = States.Find(s => s.StateID == DefaultStateID);
	CurrentState.EnterState(this);
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 改变状态
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="stateID"></param>
	public void ChangeActiveState(FSMStateID stateID)
	{
	CurrentState.ExitState(this);

	if (stateID == FSMStateID.Default)
	{
	CurrentState = States.Find(s => s.StateID == DefaultStateID);
	}
	else
	{
	CurrentState = States.Find(s => s.StateID == stateID);
	}

	CurrentState.EnterState(this);
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 搜索目标
	/// </summary>
	public void SearchTarget()
	{
	// 查找目标
	List<Transform> targets = this.transform.SelectTargets(Data.ViewDistance, Data.ViewAngle, Data.TargetTags);

	// 选取活动的目标
	targets = targets.FindAll(t => t.GetComponent<CharacterStatus>().HP > 0);

	if (targets.Count == 0)
	{
	FoundTarget = null;
	return;
	}

	// 是否忽略墙体
	if (CurrentState.IgnoreWalls)
	{
	FoundTarget = targets[0];
	return;
	}

	// 利用射线判断是否有墙体
	RaycastHit hit;
	Physics.Raycast(this.transform.position, targets[0].position + Vector3.up * 0.5f - this.transform.position, out hit, Data.ViewDistance);
	if (hit.transform != null && hit.transform.name == targets[0].name)
	{
	FoundTarget = targets[0];
	}
	else
	{
	FoundTarget = null;
	}
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 自动寻路
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="targetPosition"> 目标位置 & lt;/param>
	/// <param name="stoppingDistance"> 停止移动的距离 & lt;/param>
	/// <param name="speed"> 移动速度 & lt;/param>
	public void MoveToTarget(Vector3 targetPosition, float stoppingDistance, float speed)
	{
	Navigation.stoppingDistance = stoppingDistance;
	Navigation.speed = speed;
	Navigation.SetDestination(targetPosition);
	}
	}
	}

# 读取配置表

利用配置文件读取器处理配置表
储存配置表的内容，一个配置表只需要解析一次

FSM 配置文件读取器

FSMConfigReader

	using Common;
	using System.Collections.Generic;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// FSM 配置文件读取器
	/// </summary>
	public class FSMConfigReader
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 大字典：状态 -- 映射
	/// 小字典：条件编号 -- 状态编号
	/// </summary>
	public Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>> Map
	{
	get;
	private set;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 大字典的键值
	/// </summary>
	private string MainKey;

	public FSMConfigReader(string path)
	{
	Map = new Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>>();

	string configfile = ConfigReader.GetConfig(path);
	ConfigReader.ReadConfig(configfile, BulidLine);
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 读取一行
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="line"></param>
	private void BulidLine(string line)
	{
	// 去除空白
	line = line.Trim();

	// 判断字符串是否为空，有两种方法
	//if (line == "" \|\| line == null) return;
	if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(line)) return;

	if (line.StartsWith("["))
	{
	MainKey = line.Substring(1, line.Length - 2);
	Map.Add(MainKey, new Dictionary<string, string>());
	}
	else
	{
	string[] values = line.Split("->");
	Map[MainKey].Add(values[0], values[1]);
	}
	}
	}
	}

FSM 配置文件读取工厂

FSMConfigReaderFactory

	using System.Collections.Generic;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// FSM 配置文件读取工厂
	/// </summary>
	public class FSMConfigReaderFactory
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 储存已生成的对象，循环利用
	/// </summary>
	private static Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>>> Cache = new Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>>>();

	/// <summary>
	/// 获取配置表
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="path"> 路径 & lt;/param>
	/// <returns></returns>
	public static Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>> GetConfig(string path)
	{
	if (Cache.ContainsKey(path))
	{
	return Cache[path];
	}
	else
	{
	FSMConfigReader configReader = new FSMConfigReader(path);
	Cache.Add(path, configReader.Map);
	return configReader.Map;
	}
	}
	}
	}

# 创建工厂

根据指定的命名规则，使用反射创建对象（在测试部分有配置示例）
条件类的对象只涉及各种情况的触发判定，所以可以循环利用

代码如下

FSMCreateFactory

	using System;
	using System.Collections.Generic;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// FSM 创建工厂
	/// 创建 FSMTrigger 和 FSMState 对象
	/// </summary>
	public class FSMCreateFactory
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 储存已生成的 FSMTrigger 对象，循环利用
	/// </summary>
	private static Dictionary<string, FSMTrigger> Cache = new Dictionary<string, FSMTrigger>();

	/// <summary>
	/// 创建 FSMTrigger 对象
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="triggerID">ID</param>
	/// <returns></returns>
	public static FSMTrigger CreateTrigger(FSMTriggerID triggerID)
	{
	// 命名规则：AI.FSM. + triggerID + Trigger
	string className = String.Format("AI.FSM.{0}Trigger", triggerID);

	if (Cache.ContainsKey(className))
	{
	return Cache[className];
	}
	else
	{
	Type type = Type.GetType(className);
	FSMTrigger temp = Activator.CreateInstance(type) as FSMTrigger;
	Cache.Add(className, temp);
	return temp;
	}
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 创建 FSMState 对象
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="stateID">ID</param>
	/// <returns></returns>
	public static FSMState CreateState(FSMStateID stateID)
	{
	// 命名规则：AI.FSM. + stateID + State
	Type type = Type.GetType(String.Format("AI.FSM.{0}State", stateID));
	object temp = Activator.CreateInstance(type);
	return temp as FSMState;
	}
	}
	}

# 具体的条件类

继承抽象类，处理对应的逻辑

完成巡逻

CompletePatrolTrigger

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 完成巡逻
	/// </summary>
	public class CompletePatrolTrigger : FSMTrigger
	{
	public override FSMTriggerID TriggerID => FSMTriggerID.CompletePatrol;

	public override bool HandleTrigger(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	return fsm.Data.CompletePatrol;
	}
	}
	}

发现目标

FoundTargetTrigger

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 发现目标
	/// </summary>
	public class FoundTargetTrigger : FSMTrigger
	{
	public override FSMTriggerID TriggerID => FSMTriggerID.FoundTarget;

	public override bool HandleTrigger(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	return fsm.FoundTarget != null;
	}
	}
	}

击杀目标

KilledTargetTrigger

	using Character;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 击杀目标
	/// </summary>
	public class KilledTargetTrigger : FSMTrigger
	{
	public override FSMTriggerID TriggerID => FSMTriggerID.KilledTarget;

	public override bool HandleTrigger(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	return fsm.FoundTarget.GetComponent<CharacterStatus>().HP <= 0;
	}
	}
	}

丢失目标

LostTargetTrigger

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 丢失目标
	/// </summary>
	public class LostTargetTrigger : FSMTrigger
	{
	public override FSMTriggerID TriggerID => FSMTriggerID.LostTarget;

	public override bool HandleTrigger(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	return fsm.FoundTarget == null;
	}
	}
	}

没有生命

NoHealthTrigger

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 没有生命
	/// </summary>
	public class NoHealthTrigger : FSMTrigger
	{
	public override FSMTriggerID TriggerID => FSMTriggerID.NoHealth;

	public override bool HandleTrigger(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	return fsm.Character.HP <= 0;
	}
	}
	}

巡逻

PatrolTrigger

	using UnityEngine;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 巡逻
	/// </summary>
	public class PatrolTrigger : FSMTrigger
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 计时器
	/// </summary>
	private float Timer;

	public override FSMTriggerID TriggerID => FSMTriggerID.Patrol;

	public override void Init()
	{
	Timer = 0;
	}

	public override bool HandleTrigger(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	if (fsm.Data.PatrolMode == FSMPatrolModes.None)
	{
	return false;
	}

	Timer += Time.deltaTime;

	if (Timer >= 1)
	{
	if (Random.Range(0, 1f) <= fsm.Data.PatrolProbability)
	{
	Timer = 0;
	return true;
	}

	Timer = 0;
	}

	return false;
	}
	}
	}

到达目标

ReachTargetTrigger

	using UnityEngine;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 到达目标
	/// </summary>
	public class ReachTargetTrigger : FSMTrigger
	{
	public override FSMTriggerID TriggerID => FSMTriggerID.ReachTarget;

	public override bool HandleTrigger(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	return Vector3.Distance(fsm.transform.position, fsm.FoundTarget.position) <= fsm.Data.AttackStateDistance;
	}
	}
	}

复活

ReviveTrigger

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 复活
	/// </summary>
	public class ReviveTrigger : FSMTrigger
	{
	public override FSMTriggerID TriggerID => FSMTriggerID.Revive;

	public override bool HandleTrigger(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	return fsm.Character.HP > 0;
	}
	}
	}

# 具体的状态类

继承抽象类，处理对应的逻辑

闲置状态

IdleState

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 闲置状态
	/// </summary>
	public class IdleState : FSMState
	{
	public override FSMStateID StateID => FSMStateID.Idle;
	public override bool IgnoreWalls => false;

	public override void EnterState(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	base.EnterState(fsm);
	fsm.Anim.SetBool(fsm.Character.PlayerAnimationParameter.Revive, true);
	fsm.Anim.SetBool(fsm.Character.PlayerAnimationParameter.Idle, true);
	}
	}
	}

死亡状态

DeadState

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 死亡状态
	/// </summary>
	public class DeadState : FSMState
	{
	public override FSMStateID StateID => FSMStateID.Dead;
	public override bool IgnoreWalls => false;
	}
	}

追逐状态

PursuitState

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 追逐状态
	/// </summary>
	public class PursuitState : FSMState
	{
	public override FSMStateID StateID => FSMStateID.Pursuit;
	public override bool IgnoreWalls => true;

	public override void EnterState(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	base.EnterState(fsm);
	fsm.Anim.SetBool(fsm.Character.PlayerAnimationParameter.Run, true);
	}

	public override void ActionState(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	base.ActionState(fsm);
	fsm.MoveToTarget(fsm.FoundTarget.position, fsm.Data.AttackStateDistance, fsm.Data.MoveSpeed);
	}

	public override void ExitState(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	base.ExitState(fsm);
	fsm.MoveToTarget(fsm.transform.position, 1, fsm.Data.MoveSpeed);
	}
	}
	}

巡逻状态

PatrolState

	using System;
	using UnityEngine;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 巡逻状态
	/// </summary>
	public class PatrolState : FSMState
	{
	public override FSMStateID StateID => FSMStateID.Patrol;
	public override bool IgnoreWalls => false;

	/// <summary>
	/// 路点数组的索引
	/// </summary>
	private int Index;

	public override void Init()
	{
	Index = 0;
	}

	public override void EnterState(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	base.EnterState(fsm);
	fsm.Data.CompletePatrol = false;
	}

	public override void ActionState(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	base.ActionState(fsm);

	switch (fsm.Data.PatrolMode)
	{
	case FSMPatrolModes.None:
	NoneMode(fsm);
	break;
	case FSMPatrolModes.Once:
	OnceMode(fsm);
	break;
	case FSMPatrolModes.Loop:
	LoopMode(fsm);
	break;
	case FSMPatrolModes.RoundTrip:
	RoundTripMode(fsm);
	break;
	}
	}

	public override void ExitState(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	base.ExitState(fsm);
	fsm.MoveToTarget(fsm.transform.position, 1, fsm.Data.MoveSpeed);
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 无巡逻模式
	/// </summary>
	private void NoneMode(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	fsm.Data.CompletePatrol = true;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 单次模式
	/// </summary>
	private void OnceMode(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	if (Vector3.Distance(fsm.transform.position, fsm.Data.WayPoints[Index].position) <= fsm.Data.PatrolEffect)
	{
	Index++;
	}

	if (Index >= fsm.Data.WayPoints.Length)
	{
	fsm.Data.CompletePatrol = true;
	return;
	}

	fsm.MoveToTarget(fsm.Data.WayPoints[Index].position, 0, fsm.Data.MoveSpeed);
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 循环模式
	/// </summary>
	private void LoopMode(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	if (Vector3.Distance(fsm.transform.position, fsm.Data.WayPoints[Index].position) <= fsm.Data.PatrolEffect)
	{
	Index = (Index + 1) % fsm.Data.WayPoints.Length;
	}

	fsm.MoveToTarget(fsm.Data.WayPoints[Index].position, 0, fsm.Data.MoveSpeed);
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 往返模式
	/// </summary>
	private void RoundTripMode(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	if (Vector3.Distance(fsm.transform.position, fsm.Data.WayPoints[Index].position) <= fsm.Data.PatrolEffect)
	{
	if (Index >= fsm.Data.WayPoints.Length - 1)
	{
	Array.Reverse(fsm.Data.WayPoints);
	Index++;
	}

	Index = (Index + 1) % fsm.Data.WayPoints.Length;
	}

	fsm.MoveToTarget(fsm.Data.WayPoints[Index].position, 0, fsm.Data.MoveSpeed);
	}
	}
	}

攻击状态

AttackState

	using Common;
	using UnityEngine;

	namespace AI.FSM
	{
	/// <summary>
	/// 攻击状态
	/// </summary>
	public class AttackState : FSMState
	{
	public override FSMStateID StateID => FSMStateID.Attack;
	public override bool IgnoreWalls => true;

	/// <summary>
	/// 计时器
	/// </summary>
	private float Timer;
	/// <summary>
	/// 用于判断攻击距离
	/// </summary>
	private float JudgeAttackDistance;

	public override void EnterState(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	base.EnterState(fsm);
	Timer = 0;
	JudgeAttackDistance = 0;
	GetSkill(fsm);
	}

	public override void ActionState(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	base.ActionState(fsm);
	Attack(fsm);
	}

	public override void ExitState(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	base.ExitState(fsm);
	fsm.MoveToTarget(fsm.transform.position, 1, fsm.Data.MoveSpeed);
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 获取技能
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="fsm"></param>
	private void GetSkill(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	fsm.CurrentSkill = fsm.NPCSkillSystem.GetRandomSkillData();

	if (fsm.CurrentSkill.MoveDistance != 0)
	{
	JudgeAttackDistance = fsm.CurrentSkill.MoveDistance;
	}
	else
	{
	JudgeAttackDistance = fsm.CurrentSkill.AttackDistance;
	}
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 攻击
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="fsm"></param>
	private void Attack(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	// 看向目标
	fsm.transform.LookAtTarget(fsm.FoundTarget);

	Timer += Time.deltaTime;
	if (Timer > fsm.Data.AttackTimeInterval)
	{
	if (fsm.CurrentSkill != null && Vector3.Distance(fsm.transform.position, fsm.FoundTarget.position) <= JudgeAttackDistance)
	{
	// 放技能
	fsm.NPCSkillSystem.UseSkill(fsm.CurrentSkill.SkillID);
	SetPosition(fsm);
	GetSkill(fsm);
	Timer = 0;
	}
	else
	{
	// 靠近目标，达到能释放技能的位置
	fsm.MoveToTarget(fsm.FoundTarget.position, JudgeAttackDistance * fsm.Data.SkillDistanceEffect, fsm.Data.MoveSpeed);
	}
	}
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// 设置释放位置
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="fsm"></param>
	private void SetPosition(FSMBase fsm)
	{
	if (fsm.NPCSkillSystem.Skill != null)
	{
	Transform owner = fsm.NPCSkillSystem.Skill.Owner.transform;
	fsm.NPCSkillSystem.SetPosition(owner.position, owner.rotation);
	}
	}
	}
	}

# 类图

最后给出类图：

# 测试

配置

	[Idle]
	NoHealth->Dead
	FoundTarget->Pursuit
	Patrol->Patrol

	[Dead]
	Revive->Default

	[Pursuit]
	NoHealth->Dead
	LostTarget->Default
	FoundTarget->Attack

	[Attack]
	NoHealth->Dead
	LostTarget->Default
	KilledTarget->Default

	[Patrol]
	NoHealth->Dead
	CompletePatrol->Default
	FoundTarget->Pursuit

添加组件

设置参数

结果演示

Unity

# 观前提醒

# 有限状态机（Finite State Machine）

# 状态机设计

# 需求分析

# 设计

# 代码

# 数据类

# 条件类

# 状态类

# 状态机脚本

# 读取配置表

# 创建工厂

# 具体的条件类

# 具体的状态类

# 类图

# 测试

配置文件读取器

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